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The current standard treatment modality for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer is radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy. In this article, research progress on radiotherapy techniques, differences in radiotherapy dose and target volume, exploration in concurrent chemotherapy and immunotherapy was reviewed, aiming to provide reference and evidence for clinical treatment.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the influential factors for green innovation in pharmaceutical enterprises based on grounded theory so as to provide reference for pharmaceutical enterprises to enhance their green innovation ability and the government to issue relevant green policies. METHODS ：The grounded theory research methods were used to select enterprise samples and follow-up research. Firstly ，56 staffs from 22 sample enterprises （all were pharmaceutical companies ）were interviewed in depth one-on-one and face-to-face on issues related to the influential factors for green innovation. Then ，open coding ，spindle coding and selective coding were carried out on the conversation record data ，and conduct theoretical saturation testing was conducted. Finally ， the influential factor model of green innovation in pharmaceutical enterprises was constructed ，and its main influential factors were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The government demand ，social demand ，industry demand ，green innovation ability ， environmental awareness of leaders and overall vision of leaders have significant influence on the green innovation of pharmaceutical enterprises. Among them ，leadership decision （including leaders ’environmental awareness and leadership pattern ） is the internal decisive factor ，green innovation ability （including green innovation investment capacity ，green innovation research and development capacity ，green innovation transformation capacity and green innovation production capacity ）is the internal driving factor ，social system （including government needs ，social needs and industry needs ）is the external factor ；they are the main factors affecting the green innovation of pharmaceutical enterprises ，and they all have a positive effect on the green innovation of pharmaceutical companies.
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Objective To investigate the value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)measurement in assessment of tumor grade and myometrial invasion of endometrial carcinoma (EC).Methods 80 EC patients and 28 cervical cancer patients with normal endometrium were studied retrospectively.1.5T conventional MRI and DWI (b=0,1 000 s/mm2)were performed,and ADC values were calculated by two radiologists.Statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS 19.0 and Medcalc software.Results The mean ADC values (×10-3mm2/s)were 0.851±0.131,0.752±0.099,0.681±0.089 for G1,G2 and G3 EC,respectively.Significant statistical differences were achieved for the three groups (G1 vs G2:P=0.005;G2 vs G3:P=0.03;G1 vs G3:P< 0.000 1).For the prediction of G3,the area under the curve (AUC)of 0.851 and the cut-off value of ≤0.742×10-3mm2/s were identified,with the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 88.24%,76.19% and 85%,respectively.Conclusion There are significant statistical differences between histologic grades of EC.ADC measurement may have the potential to select G3 EC patients.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of 52 patients with septate uterus were retrospectively analyzed.There were 19 cases of complete septate uterus and 32 cases of partial septate uterus confirmed by hysteroscopy or hysteroscopy combined with laparoscopy,and 1 case without surgery.According to MRI findings,19 cases were diagnosed as complete septate uterus,32 cases as partial septate uterus and 1 case as intrauterine adhesion.The results indicated that MRIcan be used in diagnosis of septate uterus.
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This study examined the synergetic effect of class IA Phosphoinositide 3-kinases catalytic subunit p110β knockdown in conjunction with oxaliplatin treatment on colon cancer cells. Down-regulation of p110β by siRNA interference and oxaliplatin treatment were applied in colon cancer cell lines HT29, SW620 and HCT116. MTT assay was used to measure the inhibitory effect of p110β knockdown on the proliferation of colon cancer cell lines. SubG1 assay and Annexin-V FITC/PI double-labeling cytometry were applied to detect cell apoptosis. And cell cycle was evaluated by using PI staining and flow cytometry. The expression of caspase 3, cleaved PARP, p-Akt, T-Akt and p110β was determined by western blotting. The results suggested that down-regulation of p110β expression by siRNA obviously reduced cell number via accumulation in G(0)-G(1) phase of the cell cycle in the absence of notablely increased apoptosis in colon cancer cell lines HT29 and SW620 (S phase arrest in HCT116). Moreover, inhibition of p110β expression increased oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HT29, HCT116 and SW620 cell lines. In addition, increases of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP induced by oxaliplatin treatment were determined by immunoblotting in p110β knockdown group compared with normal control group and wild-type group. It is concluded that down-regulated expression of p110β could inhibit colon cancer cells proliferation and result in increased chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin through augmentation of oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.